Course Objective & Scope
Running PostgreSQL reliably in 24/7 production requires tuning out-of-the-box defaults to match hardware, staying ahead of Autovacuum lag and Transaction ID Wraparound, and proving that backups can restore to an exact point in time. Unlike developer SQL courses, this programme is dedicated entirely to DBA and production infrastructure operations.
It covers process and memory architecture, physical storage layout (PGDATA, WAL, checkpoints), postgresql.conf tuning, role security and pg_hba.conf, Autovacuum tuning and bloat remediation, connection pooling with PgBouncer, physical backups and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR) with pgBackRest, Streaming/Logical Replication, and automated failover with Patroni.
Who Should Attend?
- Database Administrators (DBAs) managing production PostgreSQL clusters
- DevOps, SRE and Systems/Cloud Engineers operating database infrastructure
- Infrastructure teams migrating mission-critical systems from commercial engines to PostgreSQL
- Prerequisite: basic Linux command-line proficiency and foundational SQL knowledge
Key Takeaways
- Tune
shared_buffers,work_mem, WAL and checkpoint parameters for specific hardware and workloads - Configure global and per-table Autovacuum settings to prevent table bloat and Transaction ID Wraparound
- Implement full/differential/incremental backups with pgBackRest and execute Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR) drills
- Deploy physical Streaming Replication, Logical Replication and Patroni-managed high availability
- Monitor live cluster health using system views (
pg_stat_activity,pg_stat_statements) and Prometheus exporters
Curriculum
PostgreSQL Internals, Memory and Storage Layout
- Postmaster, background processes (checkpointer, bgwriter, walwriter, autovacuum) and the process-per-connection model
- Shared and local memory tuning:
shared_buffers,work_mem,maintenance_work_mem,effective_cache_size - PGDATA layout, Tablespaces, Heap page anatomy, TOAST and the Write-Ahead Log (WAL) lifecycle
Security, Connection Pooling and Production Configuration
- Hardening
pg_hba.conf, SCRAM-SHA-256, TLS encryption and least-privilege Roles/Grants/RLS - Why idle connections hurt PostgreSQL and deploying PgBouncer (session vs transaction pooling)
- Operational logging configuration (
log_min_duration_statement,log_lock_waits,log_checkpoints)
MVCC Maintenance, Autovacuum Tuning and Bloat Control
- Dead tuples, the Free Space Map (FSM), Visibility Map and Heap-Only Tuple (HOT) updates
- Tuning Autovacuum scale factors, cost limits and per-table overrides for write-heavy tables
- Preventing Transaction ID (XID) Wraparound, measuring table/index bloat and running
pg_repack/REINDEX CONCURRENTLY
Backup, Restore and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
- Logical backups (
pg_dump,pg_restore) vs physical base backups (pg_basebackup) - Enterprise backup pipelines, WAL archiving and retention policies with pgBackRest
- Disaster recovery lab: executing Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR) to right before an accidental data loss
Replication, High Availability (Patroni) and Major Upgrades
- Physical Streaming Replication (async vs sync), Replication Slots and read-scale replicas
- Logical Replication for selective sync and near-zero-downtime major upgrades (
pg_upgradevs logical cutover) - Automated failover with Patroni, etcd/Consul and HAProxy plus a production DBA checklist
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